-ing ба -ed тодотгол
-ing and -ed clauses (the woman talking to Tom, the boy injured in the accident)
Relative clause-ыг богиносгож -ing (идэвхтэй) эсвэл -ed/V3 (идэвхгүй) хэлбэрээр илэрхийлж болно.
Товч дүгнэлт
- -ing = идэвхтэй утга: the woman talking to Tom (= who is talking)
- -ed/V3 = идэвхгүй утга: the boy injured (= who was injured)
- Бичгийн хэлэнд маш түгээмэл, товч бөгөөд гоё
- There is/was + noun + -ing бүтэц ч бий
-ing vs -ed
- the woman talking to Tom (= who is talking)
- the man sitting next to me
- people waiting for the bus
- a road connecting two villages
- the boy injured in the accident (= who was injured)
- a window broken by the storm
- most of the goods made in China
- the money stolen from the bank
Тодотголыг богиносгох
Shortening relative clauses
who/which + be үйл үгийг хасаж, шууд -ing эсвэл V3 үлдээж болно.
The woman who is talking to Tom → The woman talking to Tom
Томтой ярьж байгаа эмэгтэй
The boy who was injured → The boy injured in the accident
Осолд гэмтсэн хүү
The road which connects the two villages → The road connecting the two villages
Хоёр тосгоныг холбосон зам
There is … + -ing
There is / There was + -ing
There is/was бүтэцтэй хамт маш их хэрэглэгддэг.
There were some children swimming in the river.
Голд сэлж байгаа хэдэн хүүхэд байсан.
Is there anybody waiting outside?
Гадаа хүлээж байгаа хүн байна уу?
There was a big red car parked outside the house.
Байшингийн гадаа том улаан машин зогсож байсан.
Анхаар
Энэ бүтцийг зөвхөн continuous эсвэл passive утгатай үед хэрэглэнэ. Байнгын байдалд relative clause хэвээр үлдэнэ.
the man who lives next door (✗ the man living next door — ялгаатай өнгө)
Anyone wanting to go should tell me. (= anyone who wants)
Явахыг хүсэж байгаа хүн надад хэлээрэй.
Дасгал
6 даалгаварБогиносгож бич.
The woman who is talking to Tom is my aunt. → The woman ___ is my aunt.
ХувиргахThe boy who was injured in the accident is in hospital. → The boy ___ is in hospital.
Хувиргах-ing эсвэл -ed сонго.
The road ___ the two towns is closed.
СонгохThe money ___ from the bank was never found.
СонгохЗөв хэлбэрээр нөхнө үү.
There were some children ___ (play) in the park.
НөхөхMost of the goods ___ (make) in this factory are exported.
Нөхөх