Тодотгол гишүүн өгүүлбэр 1: who/that/which
Relative clauses 1: clauses with who/that/which
Нэр үгийг тодотгож, аль нэгийг нь заана. who = хүн, which = юм, that = хоёуланд нь.
Товч дүгнэлт
- who → хүн: the woman who lives next door
- which → юм, амьтан: the book which is on the table
- that → хүн ба юм хоёуланд нь
- Тодотгол нэр үгийн ДАРАА шууд орно
Үндсэн бүтэц
Basic structure
Хоёр өгүүлбэрийг нэгтгэж, давхардсан үгийг who/which/that болгоно. Тодотгол нь тодотгож буй нэр үгийн ард шууд орно.
The woman lives next door. She is a doctor. → The woman who lives next door is a doctor.
Хажуу айлд амьдардаг эмэгтэй эмч юм.
I have a book. It explains everything. → I have a book which explains everything.
Надад бүгдийг тайлбарласан ном байна.
The man that phoned didn’t give his name.
Залгасан хүн нэрээ хэлээгүй.
Аль үгийг сонгох вэ?
| Тодотгож буй зүйл | Relative pronoun | Жишээ |
|---|---|---|
| Хүн | who / that | the girl who / that won |
| Юм, амьтан | which / that | the car which / that broke down |
| Эзэмшил | whose | the man whose car was stolen |
| Газар | where | the hotel where we stayed |
| Цаг хугацаа | when | the day when we met |
Түгээмэл алдаа: subject давхардуулах
who/which/that өөрөө subject болж байвал дахин he/she/it хэрэглэхгүй.
The woman who she lives next door is a doctor.
(Буруу)
The woman who lives next door is a doctor.
(Зөв)
I have a book which it explains everything.
(Буруу)
I have a book which explains everything.
(Зөв)
what-ыг relative pronoun болгож болохгүй
what ≠ that
what нь "that which" гэсэн утгатай — өмнөх нэр үгийг тодотгодоггүй.
Everything what he said was true.
(Буруу)
Everything (that) he said was true.
Түүний хэлсэн бүхэн үнэн байсан. (Зөв)
I didn’t understand what he said. (нэр үггүй → what зөв)
Түүний юу хэлснийг би ойлгосонгүй.
Дасгал
6 даалгаварwho / which / that-аар нөхнө үү.
The woman ___ lives next door is a doctor.
НөхөхI bought a phone ___ has a very good camera.
НөхөхХоёр өгүүлбэрийг нэгтгэ.
A girl was injured. She is now in hospital. → The girl ___ .
ХувиргахАлдааг зас.
The man who he called me was my old teacher.
Алдаа засахEverything what she told me was true.
Алдаа засахDo you know the man ___ took my bag?
Нөхөх