Идэвхгүй хэв 2 (be done / been done / being done)
Passive 2 (be done / been done / being done)
Infinitive, perfect, continuous хэлбэрүүд дэх passive. Modal, perfect, continuous цагуудтай хэрхэн нийлдгийг үзнэ.
Товч дүгнэлт
- Infinitive: (to) be done — It must be done.
- Perfect: been done — It has been done.
- Continuous: being done — It is being done.
- Modal + be + V3: can be done, should be done, might be done
Гурван үндсэн хэлбэр
modal / to + be + V3The room should be cleaned.have/has/had + been + V3The room has been cleaned.am/is/are/was/were + being + V3The room is being cleaned.Infinitive passive
(to) be done
Modal үйл үг (will, can, must, should, might…) болон to-ийн дараа be + V3 хэрэглэнэ.
The situation is serious. Something must be done before it’s too late.
Байдал ноцтой байна. Хэтэрхий оройтохоос өмнө ямар нэг арга хэмжээ авах ёстой.
A mystery is something that can’t be explained.
Нууц гэдэг бол тайлбарлагдах боломжгүй зүйл.
The music was very loud and could be heard from a long way away.
Хөгжим маш чанга байсан тул холоос сонсогдож байлаа.
This room is going to be painted next week.
Энэ өрөөг ирэх долоо хоногт будна.
Perfect passive
(should) have been done
Perfect infinitive-ийн passive: have been + V3. Өнгөрсөнд болох ёстой байсан ч болоогүй зүйлд их хэрэглэгддэг.
I can’t find my bag. It must have been stolen.
Цүнхээ олохгүй байна. Хулгайлагдсан байх.
The work should have been finished yesterday.
Ажлыг өчигдөр дуусгасан байх ёстой байсан.
There were some problems at first, but they seem to have been solved.
Эхэндээ хэдэн асуудал байсан ч шийдэгдсэн бололтой.
Continuous passive
being done
Үйлдэл ЯГ ОДОО (эсвэл өнгөрсөн тодорхой үед) хийгдэж байгаа гэдгийг илэрхийлнэ.
The house is being painted at the moment.
Байшинг яг одоо будаж байна.
When I arrived, the meeting was still being held.
Би ирэхэд хурал үргэлжилсээр байсан.
I don’t like being told what to do.
Надад юу хийхийг зааж өгөхөд дургүй.
get passive
get + V3
Ярианы хэлэнд be-ийн оронд get хэрэглэдэг: get lost, get married, get broken, get paid. Гэхдээ албан бичигт be илүү зохимжтой.
There was a fight, but nobody got hurt.
Зодоон болсон ч хэн ч гэмтээгүй.
I get paid on the last day of the month.
Надад сарын сүүлийн өдөр цалин өгдөг.
They got married last year.
Тэд өнгөрсөн жил гэрлэсэн.
Дасгал
7 даалгаварPassive хэлбэрээр нөхнө үү.
Something must ___ (do) about the problem.
НөхөхThe house ___ (paint) at the moment.
НөхөхI can’t find my bag. It must ___ (steal).
НөхөхThe work should ___ (finish) yesterday.
НөхөхI don’t like ___ (tell) what to do.
НөхөхPassive болго.
They are repairing the road. → The road ___ .
Хувиргахget + V3 ашиглан нөхнө үү.
There was a fight but nobody ___ (hurt).
Нөхөх