For ба since. When …? ба How long …?
For and since. When …? and How long …?
for = хугацааны УРТ (for three years). since = ЭХЭЛСЭН ЦАГ (since 2020). Энэ хоёрыг андуурах нь маш түгээмэл.
Товч дүгнэлт
- for + хугацааны урт: for two hours, for a week, for a long time
- since + эхэлсэн цэг: since Monday, since 2015, since I was a child
- When …? → past simple. How long …? → present perfect
- It’s (been) … since … бүтэц
for vs since
- for six hours / for a week
- for three years / for ages
- for a long time / for ten minutes
- I've lived here for six years.
- since 8 o’clock / since Monday
- since April / since 2015
- since I arrived / since we met
- I've lived here since 2018.
When …? ба How long …?
When …? and How long …?
When …? нь өнгөрсөнд болсон тодорхой агшинг асуух тул past simple. How long …? нь одоо хүртэлх үргэлжлэлийг асуух тул present perfect.
When did they get married? — They got married in 2010.
Тэд хэзээ гэрлэсэн бэ? — 2010 онд.
How long have they been married? — They have been married for 15 years.
Тэд хэдэн жил гэрлэсэн бэ? — 15 жил болж байна.
When did she arrive? — She arrived an hour ago.
Тэр хэзээ ирсэн бэ? — Нэг цагийн өмнө.
How long has she been here? — She has been here for an hour.
Тэр хэр удаан энд байна вэ? — Нэг цаг болж байна.
ago ба since
ago and since
ago нь одооноос хойш хэдэн хугацааны өмнө болсныг заана — past simple-тэй хамт. since нь эхэлсэн цэгийг заана — present perfect-тэй хамт.
Tom’s father died six years ago.
Томын аав 6 жилийн өмнө нас барсан.
Tom’s father has been dead for six years.
Томын аав нас барснаас хойш 6 жил болж байна.
It’s two years since I last saw Joe.
Жоог хамгийн сүүлд харснаас хойш 2 жил болж байна.
I haven’t seen Joe for two years.
Би Жоог 2 жил хараагүй.
Ижил утгыг илэрхийлэх 4 арга
- It’s three years since I last spoke to her.
- I haven’t spoken to her for three years.
- The last time I spoke to her was three years ago.
- I last spoke to her three years ago.
Дасгал
8 даалгаварfor эсвэл since сонгоно уу.
I've been waiting ___ two hours.
СонгохI've been waiting ___ 9 o'clock.
СонгохShe has lived here ___ she was born.
СонгохWe have known each other ___ a long time.
СонгохТохирох цагаар нөхнө үү.
When ___ they ___ (get) married?
НөхөхHow long ___ they ___ (be) married?
НөхөхИжил утгатай өгүүлбэр бич (haven’t … for).
It’s two years since I last saw Joe. → I ___ .
Хувиргахago ашиглан бич.
Tom has been dead for six years. → Tom ___ .
Хувиргах