Appendix 6

Спелингийн дүрэм

Spelling

-s, -ing, -ed, -er, -est залгах үеийн бичиглэлийн дүрэм.

-s / -es залгах

Adding -s / -es

  • Ихэнх үг → -s: work → works, book → books
  • -s, -sh, -ch, -x, -o → -es: pass → passes, watch → watches, go → goes
  • гийгүүлэгч + y → -ies: study → studies, city → cities
  • эгшиг + y → -s: play → plays, boy → boys
  • -f / -fe → -ves: leaf → leaves, knife → knives

-ing залгах

Adding -ing

  • Ихэнх үг → -ing: work → working
  • -e → хасна: make → making, write → writing
  • -ee → хэвээр: see → seeing, agree → agreeing
  • Нэг эгшиг + нэг гийгүүлэгч (өргөлттэй) → давхарлана: stop → stopping, begin → beginning
  • -ie → -ying: lie → lying, die → dying
  • -l төгсгөл (BrE) → давхарлана: travel → travelling

-ed залгах

Adding -ed

  • Ихэнх үг → -ed: work → worked
  • -e → -d: live → lived, dance → danced
  • Нэг эгшиг + нэг гийгүүлэгч → давхарлана: stop → stopped, plan → planned
  • гийгүүлэгч + y → -ied: study → studied, try → tried
  • эгшиг + y → -ed: play → played, enjoy → enjoyed

-er / -est залгах

Adding -er / -est

  • cheap → cheaper → cheapest
  • big → bigger → biggest (давхарлана)
  • easy → easier → easiest (y → i)
  • large → larger → largest (-e хасагдана)

-ly залгах

Adding -ly

  • quick → quickly, careful → carefully
  • y → -ily: happy → happily, easy → easily
  • -le → -ly: terrible → terribly, probable → probably
  • -ic → -ically: automatic → automatically
  • Онцгой: true → truly, full → fully